Psalm 110 is my favorite Psalm in all of Scripture. This is the most quote Psalm in the Bible and is used by almost every New Testament Author in one form or another. This Psalm is a royal celebration Psalm that was used in the life of Israel in celebration of King David. But this Psalms plays much more importance in the life of God’s people in its prophetic use for another greeter King. Psalm 110 pointed toward another King who would be above David; this King, Jesus the Messiah, would stand between David and God the Father. This psalm is an important Old Testament passage for the book of Hebrews (Heb. 1:3, 13; 5:6; 7:17, 21; 10:13). Psalm 110 was also a crucial Old Testament passage for Peter on the Day of Pentecost for showing that the greater Son of David, Jesus, had to ascend to the right hand of God (Acts 2:34–36). Jesus used Psalm 110:1 to prove his deity to the questioning Pharisees (Matt. 22:41–45). The “Lord” refers to God the Father, while “my Lord” refers to the second person of the Trinity, Jesus the Son (110:1). The rule of Christ will be culminated in the millennial kingdom (110:2). God’s believing people will rally around the Messiah in recognition of his lordship and rule (110:3). The metaphor “the morning dew” (110:3) refers to the freshness and vitality of those who will serve God. Like Melchizedek (Gen. 14:18), Christ holds both offices of king and priest (Heb. 7:1–28). The battle scene described in Psalm 110:5–6 will take place at Christ’s second coming (Zech. 14:1–15; Rev. 19:11–21). Here is a quick outline of this amazing song.
I. He Is God (110:1).
A. The persons (110:1): The Father refers to his Son as “Lord.”
B. The promise (110:1): The Father assures the Son that his enemies will be humbled.
II. He Is a King (110:2–3).
A. The place of his reign (110:2): It will extend from Jerusalem.
B. The power of his reign (110:3): People will serve God willingly.
III. He Is a Priest (110:4).
A. The oath (110:4): The Father vows to establish his Son’s priesthood.
B. The order (110:4): It is after the order of Melchizedek.
IV. He Is a Judge (110:6): He will punish the nations.
V. He Is a Victorious Warrior (110:5, 6–7): God is nearby and will protect his people.
I. He Is God (110:1).
A. The persons (110:1): The Father refers to his Son as “Lord.”
B. The promise (110:1): The Father assures the Son that his enemies will be humbled.
II. He Is a King (110:2–3).
A. The place of his reign (110:2): It will extend from Jerusalem.
B. The power of his reign (110:3): People will serve God willingly.
III. He Is a Priest (110:4).
A. The oath (110:4): The Father vows to establish his Son’s priesthood.
B. The order (110:4): It is after the order of Melchizedek.
IV. He Is a Judge (110:6): He will punish the nations.
V. He Is a Victorious Warrior (110:5, 6–7): God is nearby and will protect his people.
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